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Organizations that have a formal role in coordinating the provision of disaster relief and/or recovery services following a major disaster or large-scale emergency that disrupts the normal functioning of a community. Included are coalitions of community-based organizations in a defined geographic area whose members are prepared to act in concert to respond to the emergency needs of the community during the relief and recovery phases of a disaster and non-affiliated organizations with a designated role. Some collaboratives are local VOADs (known in some places as COADs), that are organized through state-level VOAD/COAD chapters which are affiliates of the national organization, National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD), a formal coalition of national voluntary organizations with a common interest in providing disaster relief. Other coalitions are "interfaiths" which gather financial and other resources from the faith community and distribute them to people in need, generally after American Red Cross and other immediate relief organizations have completed their work. NOTE: "Disaster Relief" is a category of services utilized by community agencies involved in disaster work. Government organizations do not recognize disaster relief as a formal part of the disaster cycle. Most of the services classified as disaster relief are considered by government to be part of disaster recovery and a few (e.g., disaster welfare inquiries) are categorized as disaster response.